How to Make Your First Simplex Contact on Ham Radio: A Complete Beginner’s Guide
Just got your ham radio license? Congratulations! You’re likely eager to make your first contact, and this guide will walk you through how simple it is to start using Simplex on a handheld transceiver (HT). Simplex operation is one of the most straightforward methods of ham radio communication and a crucial skill to master for emergencies or casual use.
What is Simplex?
Simplex is essentially one radio communicating directly with another on the same frequency, with no need for repeaters or additional equipment. Think of it like using a walkie-talkie but with the added power, range, and flexibility that ham radio offers.
In simplex operation, you transmit and receive on the same frequency. It’s ideal for short-range communication, and can be useful for hiking, emergencies, or coordinating with friends.
Why Use Simplex?
Simplex is particularly effective for close-range communications such as:
- Local contacts: Great for practice, or if you’re out of repeater range.
- Hiking or outdoor events: When cell service fails, or you want to stay in touch over short distances.
- Emergency situations: Simplex allows you to communicate directly without relying on infrastructure like repeaters.
Additionally, simplex frees up repeaters for other users, especially in high-traffic areas.
Choosing a Handheld Radio
To start with Simplex, you’ll need a handheld transceiver (HT). Popular brands include Yaesu, Kenwood, Icom, and Baofeng. Most HTs have around 5 watts of power, which provides about 5 miles of range. Many operators upgrade to aftermarket antennas for better performance, which can significantly extend your range.
License Requirements
You’ll need at least a Technician-class license to legally operate on ham frequencies. Operating without one can lead to severe penalties, so ensure you’re properly licensed before transmitting.
Simplex Frequencies and Band Plans
Among the Amateur Radio Bands in the U.S., Simplex primarily takes place on the 2-meter band (144-148 MHz) and the 70-centimeter band (420-450 MHz). Some common Simplex frequencies include:
- 2 meters: 146.520 MHz (National Calling Frequency), 146.550 MHz, 146.580 MHz
- 70 centimeters: 446.000 MHz (National Calling Frequency)
After making contact on a national calling frequency, it’s best to move to another Simplex frequency to free up the channel.
While national Simplex frequencies are standard across the U.S., regional variations exist. Some additional common Simplex frequencies include:
- 2 meters: 146.400, 146.430 MHz
- 70 centimeters: 445.900, 445.925, 446.025 MHz
Always monitor a frequency before transmitting to ensure you don’t interfere with other operators or emergency communications.
In Georgia, for instance, 146.430 MHz is a popular Simplex frequency. Avoid digital modes like D-STAR or DMR, as well as the national calling frequency (146.52 MHz), which is used for hams to find each other while traveling.
Programming Your Radio for Simplex
Programming your HT for Simplex is straightforward:
- Switch your radio to “VFO” (Variable Frequency Oscillator) mode.
- Manually enter the frequency (e.g., 146.430 MHz).
- Ensure both radios are set to the same frequency for communication.
Before transmitting, always listen for activity to avoid interfering with other operators. You don’t want to accidentally interfere with someone else’s communication.
Making Your First Simplex Contact
Once your radio is programmed, you’re ready to make your first Simplex contact. Here’s how:
- Press the push-to-talk (PTT) button and say your call sign (e.g., “This is [your call sign], can you hear me?”).
- Wait for a response. If someone is on the same frequency, they’ll reply with their call sign.
- Have a brief conversation, ensuring you give your call sign every 10 minutes during the exchange.
Using Simplex in Various Scenarios
Simplex frequencies serve multiple purposes:
- Hamfests and public events: Stay connected with your group or provide communications support for community events like marathons.
- Traveling or commuting: Some hams monitor Simplex frequencies while driving, allowing them to connect with others on the road.
- Emergency situations: Simplex is invaluable when repeaters are unavailable or during disasters when infrastructure is down.
- Contests and nets: You can also participate in contests and local nets using Simplex. This helps you practice and test your equipment.
You can easily add more people to your Simplex conversation. As long as everyone is on the same frequency, you’re good to go! This feature is particularly useful when coordinating activities or if you’re in a group hike or event.
Troubleshooting and Resources
If you’re having trouble, don’t worry! Check the following:
- Antenna: Ensure your antenna is tightly screwed in and positioned correctly.
- Frequency: Double-check that both radios are programmed to the same frequency.
Advanced Tips for Simplex Use
When using Simplex, avoid subaudible tones like CTCSS or DCS unless necessary. They may cause interference without your knowledge. If you do need to use them, set your radio to transmit on 100.0 Hz while keeping receive mode in carrier squelch.
For additional help, visit Ham Radio Guides, as well as World Radio League – Community chat where you’ll find forums, guides, and experienced Elmers ready to assist you.
Conclusion
Making your first Simplex contact doesn’t have to be intimidating. With a little preparation and the right tools, you’ll be making contacts like a pro in no time. Whether you’re communicating with friends, practicing for emergencies, or just enjoying a day outdoors, Simplex communication opens up a world of possibilities. So grab your radio, program it to the right frequency, and start connecting!